Game plan
Learner Tien v Joao Sousa
Every number combines what Learner Tien does well with what Joao Sousa allows, each measured against the tour average and shrunk toward it when the sample is thin. Flip perspective
Forecast
Each player's serve and return strength is fitted against every opponent they were charted against, so a record built on weak opponents counts for less. At least one of them is no longer active or has too little charted in the last three seasons, so both are compared on their careers. The result is then nudged by Learner Tien's record against Joao Sousa's tactical lookalikes and in their charted head-to-heads. A game-by-game Markov chain turns point odds into match odds; the 90% range covers the uncertainty in the two strengths, not the nudges. Charted matches lean toward big events, so treat this as a scouting estimate, not a betting line.
Head to head, per 100 shots
| Career | Learner | Joao |
|---|---|---|
| Direction choice | +0.07 ±0.09 better than 74% | −0.08 ±0.08 better than 35% |
| Shot selection | −0.29 ±0.17 better than 24% | +0.55 ±0.19 better than 95% |
| Execution | +0.47 ±0.60 better than 83% | −1.26 ±0.49 better than 17% |
| Points left on the table | 2.54 ±0.11 lower than 56% | 2.63 ±0.14 lower than 47% |
Each player's career against an average tour player in the same position, adjusted for opponent strength, with a 90% margin (shots clustered by match). Points left on the table is the gap to the best-value direction for the same stroke, so lower is better. Percentiles are within each player's own tour. A side is highlighted only when the gap is larger than the margin on the difference.
Structural compatibility
Expected edge per 100 rally shots from style alone: Learner Tien +0.91, Joao Sousa −0.55. Each player's shot mix weighted by their own skill with each shot and by how much the other gives up against it. This is why some rankings gaps don't hold in a given matchup.
Serve plan
The share of points the server wins when a first serve lands in that direction (hover a rate for its 90% interval; ± is the 90% margin). "Matchup" combines the server's rate with how this returner handles that serve. "Optimal" is the mix that wins most against this returner once they start reading a habit, at the response measured across the tour, and only within the range servers' habits actually vary. The gain over the current mix is how exploitable that mix is.
Learner Tien serving
Deuce court
| 1st serve | Now | Learner wins | v Joao | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 44% | 69% | 69% | 64.5%±7.8 | 40% ▼ |
| Body | 9% | 65% | 61% | 62.5%±12.0 | 0% ▼ |
| T | 47% | 62% | 80% | 69.2%±7.0 | 60% ▲ |
Optimal v Joao Sousa: +0.3±0.8 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix, inside the 90% margin. Serving T every time would read +2.6 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Ad court
| 1st serve | Now | Learner wins | v Joao | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 51% | 70% | 73% | 69.3%±6.8 | 47% ▼ |
| Body | 9% | 71% | 67% | 74.3%±10.0 | 0% ▼ |
| T | 40% | 78% | 74% | 79.8%±6.3 | 53% ▲ |
Optimal v Joao Sousa: +0.7±0.8 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix, inside the 90% margin. Serving T every time would read +5.9 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Joao Sousa serving
Deuce court
| 1st serve | Now | Joao wins | v Learner | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 52% | 69% | 69% | 64.7%±6.6 | 51% |
| Body | 15% | 58% | 55% | 49.2%±12.1 | 2% ▼ |
| T | 34% | 74% | 76% | 75.1%±6.8 | 47% ▲ |
Optimal v Learner Tien: +0.8±1.0 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix, inside the 90% margin. Serving T every time would read +9.2 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Ad court
| 1st serve | Now | Joao wins | v Learner | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 53% | 68% | 74% | 69.4%±6.8 | 54% |
| Body | 13% | 57% | 58% | 51.6%±12.2 | 0% ▼ |
| T | 33% | 76% | 67% | 71.2%±7.6 | 46% ▲ |
Optimal v Learner Tien: +0.5±1.0 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix, inside the 90% margin. Serving T every time would read +3.6 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Return plan
Value of each return, in points per 100 returns against an average return of the same serve (direction, court, surface): the tour's result with that return, the returner's own edge with it, and what this server gives up when it comes back to that side. Returns with no charted direction are left out, so values compare with each other rather than with zero. Depth isn't a choice here: missed returns have no depth. Serve quality isn't charted, so a block through the middle partly reflects the serve that forced it.
Learner Tien returning
1st serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Joao | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 30% | +4.3 | +0.8 | −1.4 | +3.7±2.8 |
| FH slice through the middle | 23% | −4.2 | +0.1 | +0.5 | −3.6±2.1 |
| FH crosscourt | 17% | +5.5 | +2.9 | −2.4 | +6.0±4.3 |
| FH slice crosscourt | 16% | −4.3 | +2.4 | ±0.0 | −2.0±2.0 |
| FH down the line | 8% | +1.7 | +0.1 | +0.5 | +2.3±4.5 |
Lean FH crosscourt: +5.4±3.7 per 100 returns v the current mix (420 returns charted)
1st serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Joao | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH through the middle | 39% | +6.4 | −0.2 | +0.3 | +6.5±2.4 |
| BH crosscourt | 25% | +8.8 | −0.9 | −0.6 | +7.3±3.4 |
| BH down the line | 16% | +4.2 | +2.1 | −3.1 | +3.3±4.5 |
| BH slice through the middle | 11% | −4.2 | −1.4 | −1.6 | −7.1±2.5 |
| BH slice down the line | 6% | −8.4 | +0.5 | +0.6 | −7.3±3.4 |
Lean BH crosscourt: +3.6±2.9 per 100 returns v the current mix (497 returns charted)
2nd serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Joao | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 45% | −3.5 | −1.1 | +1.8 | −2.7±2.9 |
| FH crosscourt | 39% | −0.2 | +2.7 | +2.0 | +4.5±4.4 |
| FH down the line | 13% | −1.8 | +0.4 | +4.1 | +2.8±4.5 |
| FH slice through the middle | 4% | −12.7 | +0.5 | ±0.0 | −12.2±1.1 |
Lean FH crosscourt: +4.1±3.0 per 100 returns v the current mix (155 returns charted)
2nd serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Joao | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH through the middle | 42% | −2.9 | +0.7 | −0.4 | −2.6±2.4 |
| BH crosscourt | 30% | +1.0 | +1.2 | +2.0 | +4.2±3.3 |
| BH down the line | 15% | −0.2 | −0.1 | +2.7 | +2.5±4.9 |
| FH through the middle | 7% | −2.9 | +1.2 | +1.8 | +0.1±2.3 |
| FH inside-in | 5% | +0.6 | ±0.0 | +2.0 | +2.6±4.0 |
Lean BH crosscourt: +3.4±2.6 per 100 returns v the current mix (257 returns charted)
Joao Sousa returning
1st serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Learner | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 46% | +4.3 | −1.2 | −1.2 | +1.9±2.7 |
| FH crosscourt | 26% | +5.5 | +3.9 | +6.0 | +15.4±4.3 |
| FH down the line | 24% | +1.7 | +1.9 | −5.5 | −2.0±4.5 |
| FH slice through the middle | 3% | −4.2 | −0.4 | −1.4 | −5.9±2.0 |
Lean FH crosscourt: +11.2±3.6 per 100 returns v the current mix (201 returns charted)
1st serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Learner | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH through the middle | 44% | +6.4 | +0.3 | +2.7 | +9.4±2.3 |
| BH crosscourt | 20% | +8.8 | −0.5 | +3.8 | +12.1±3.4 |
| BH slice through the middle | 14% | −4.2 | −2.1 | +0.9 | −5.5±2.5 |
| BH down the line | 13% | +4.2 | −1.9 | +0.9 | +3.2±4.6 |
| BH slice down the line | 5% | −8.4 | +0.5 | −0.7 | −8.6±3.2 |
Lean BH crosscourt: +6.4±3.0 per 100 returns v the current mix (281 returns charted)
2nd serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Learner | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 40% | −3.5 | −0.5 | +0.3 | −3.7±2.7 |
| FH down the line | 34% | −1.8 | +0.6 | −1.0 | −2.1±4.3 |
| FH crosscourt | 26% | −0.2 | +0.5 | ±0.0 | +0.3±4.0 |
Lean FH down the line: ±0.0±3.2 per 100 returns v the current mix (50 returns charted, inside the 90% margin)
2nd serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Learner | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH through the middle | 44% | −2.9 | −1.2 | +1.5 | −2.6±2.3 |
| BH crosscourt | 22% | +1.0 | −0.8 | +1.3 | +1.5±3.1 |
| BH down the line | 11% | −0.2 | −0.6 | +0.1 | −0.7±4.8 |
| FH through the middle | 10% | −2.9 | +0.1 | +0.3 | −2.5±2.2 |
| FH inside-out | 9% | +1.0 | +0.9 | −1.0 | +0.9±3.4 |
Lean BH crosscourt: +2.6±2.7 per 100 returns v the current mix (187 returns charted, inside the 90% margin)
Rally plan
Edge, in points per 100 shots: the hitter's skill with the shot (own) plus how much the receiver usually gives up against it (theirs), both measured against the tour average.
Learner Tien
Favour
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| BH to their forehand · rally | +6.5±3.2 | +3.7 | +2.8 |
| BH to their forehand · return | +3.8±4.1 | +2.7 | +1.1 |
| FH to the middle · return +1 | +2.7±2.8 | +1.8 | +0.9 |
| FH to their forehand · return | +2.0±4.4 | −0.8 | +2.7 |
| FH to their backhand · rally | +1.7±2.1 | +0.8 | +1.0 |
| BH to the middle · return | +1.7±2.0 | +1.4 | +0.4 |
Avoid
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| BH slice to their backhand · rally | −3.9±2.3 | −3.8 | −0.1 |
| BH slice to the middle · return | −2.8±2.5 | −1.2 | −1.6 |
| FH to their backhand · serve +1 | −2.8±3.0 | −1.8 | −1.0 |
| BH to the middle · rally | −2.4±1.9 | −0.2 | −2.2 |
| BH to their backhand · return +1 | −2.2±3.4 | −1.3 | −0.9 |
Joao Sousa
Favour
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| FH to their backhand · return | +5.7±3.7 | +0.4 | +5.2 |
| FH to the middle · serve +1 | +3.3±2.5 | +2.2 | +1.1 |
| BH to the middle · return | +2.0±1.9 | −0.7 | +2.7 |
| BH to the middle · serve +1 | +2.0±2.6 | +0.3 | +1.7 |
| FH to their backhand · rally | +1.4±1.9 | +0.6 | +0.8 |
| BH to the middle · return +1 | +1.4±2.5 | −0.2 | +1.6 |
Avoid
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| BH to their backhand · serve +1 | −5.5±3.4 | −2.9 | −2.7 |
| BH to their backhand · rally | −4.5±2.3 | −1.2 | −3.3 |
| FH to their backhand · serve +1 | −4.0±2.7 | −2.8 | −1.2 |
| BH slice to their backhand · rally | −3.9±2.5 | −2.1 | −1.8 |
| FH to the middle · return | −2.6±2.3 | −2.0 | −0.6 |
Against Joao Sousa-like opponents
| Learner Tien v | Matches | Serve pts won | Return pts won |
|---|---|---|---|
| All charted opponents | – | 62.2% | 38.5% |
Similar by tactical fingerprint: Casper Ruud, Tommy Paul, Felix Auger Aliassime, Guy Den Ouden, Thanasi Kokkinakis, Radu Albot, J J Wolf, Tommy Robredo, Leonardo Mayer, Carlos Moya. When two players have rarely met, their records against these lookalikes fill the gap.