Game plan
Zhizhen Zhang v Fabio Fognini
Every number combines what Zhizhen Zhang does well with what Fabio Fognini allows, each measured against the tour average and shrunk toward it when the sample is thin. Flip perspective
Forecast
Each player's serve and return strength is fitted against every opponent they were charted against, so a record built on weak opponents counts for less. At least one of them is no longer active or has too little charted in the last three seasons, so both are compared on their careers. The result is then nudged by Zhizhen Zhang's record against Fabio Fognini's tactical lookalikes and in their charted head-to-heads (lookalikes: −3.6 on serve, −21.3 on return vs expectation (85 points)). A game-by-game Markov chain turns point odds into match odds; the 90% range covers the uncertainty in the two strengths, not the nudges. Charted matches lean toward big events, so treat this as a scouting estimate, not a betting line.
Head to head, per 100 shots
| Career | Zhizhen | Fabio |
|---|---|---|
| Direction choice | −0.06 ±0.09 better than 41% | ±0.00 ±0.06 better than 58% |
| Shot selection | +0.03 ±0.20 better than 54% | −0.12 ±0.12 better than 36% |
| Execution | −0.36 ±0.66 better than 51% | −1.06 ±0.38 better than 24% |
| Points left on the table | 2.50 ±0.14 lower than 61% | 2.46 ±0.10 lower than 67% |
Each player's career against an average tour player in the same position, adjusted for opponent strength, with a 90% margin (shots clustered by match). Points left on the table is the gap to the best-value direction for the same stroke, so lower is better. Percentiles are within each player's own tour. A side is highlighted only when the gap is larger than the margin on the difference.
Structural compatibility
Expected edge per 100 rally shots from style alone: Zhizhen Zhang −0.75, Fabio Fognini −0.61. Each player's shot mix weighted by their own skill with each shot and by how much the other gives up against it. This is why some rankings gaps don't hold in a given matchup.
Serve plan
The share of points the server wins when a first serve lands in that direction (hover a rate for its 90% interval; ± is the 90% margin). "Matchup" combines the server's rate with how this returner handles that serve. "Optimal" is the mix that wins most against this returner once they start reading a habit, at the response measured across the tour, and only within the range servers' habits actually vary. The gain over the current mix is how exploitable that mix is.
Zhizhen Zhang serving
Deuce court
| 1st serve | Now | Zhizhen wins | v Fabio | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 43% | 72% | 69% | 68.5%±5.6 | 30% ▼ |
| Body | 7% | 69% | 73% | 78.2%±8.6 | 21% ▲ |
| T | 50% | 76% | 75% | 75.3%±5.0 | 49% |
Optimal v Fabio Fognini: +0.3±0.9 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix, inside the 90% margin. Serving body every time would read +5.5 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Ad court
| 1st serve | Now | Zhizhen wins | v Fabio | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 44% | 69% | 71% | 66.4%±6.1 | 38% ▼ |
| Body | 8% | 57% | 71% | 65.1%±11.5 | 0% ▼ |
| T | 49% | 75% | 71% | 74.0%±5.5 | 62% ▲ |
Optimal v Fabio Fognini: +0.6±0.7 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix, inside the 90% margin. Serving T every time would read +4.0 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Fabio Fognini serving
Deuce court
| 1st serve | Now | Fabio wins | v Zhizhen | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 44% | 71% | 81% | 79.8%±4.5 | 57% ▲ |
| Body | 13% | 56% | 65% | 57.4%±11.0 | 0% ▼ |
| T | 44% | 68% | 77% | 70.6%±6.0 | 43% |
Optimal v Zhizhen Zhang: +1.2±0.8 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix. Serving wide every time would read +6.8 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Ad court
| 1st serve | Now | Fabio wins | v Zhizhen | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 46% | 67% | 78% | 73.5%±5.3 | 46% |
| Body | 13% | 57% | 67% | 61.3%±11.7 | 0% ▼ |
| T | 41% | 67% | 77% | 73.5%±6.0 | 54% ▲ |
Optimal v Zhizhen Zhang: +0.9±0.9 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix. Serving wide every time would read +1.6 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Return plan
Value of each return, in points per 100 returns against an average return of the same serve (direction, court, surface): the tour's result with that return, the returner's own edge with it, and what this server gives up when it comes back to that side. Returns with no charted direction are left out, so values compare with each other rather than with zero. Depth isn't a choice here: missed returns have no depth. Serve quality isn't charted, so a block through the middle partly reflects the serve that forced it.
Zhizhen Zhang returning
1st serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Fabio | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 40% | +4.3 | +0.5 | +1.3 | +6.1±2.4 |
| FH crosscourt | 23% | +5.5 | ±0.0 | −0.3 | +5.2±4.1 |
| FH slice through the middle | 14% | −4.2 | −0.2 | +0.9 | −3.5±2.3 |
| FH down the line | 13% | +1.7 | −5.0 | −0.3 | −3.6±4.2 |
| FH slice crosscourt | 6% | −4.3 | −2.7 | −1.5 | −8.5±2.5 |
Lean FH through the middle: +4.1±1.8 per 100 returns v the current mix (342 returns charted)
1st serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Fabio | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH through the middle | 37% | +6.4 | +1.7 | +0.6 | +8.8±2.2 |
| BH crosscourt | 27% | +8.8 | +1.6 | +2.8 | +13.2±3.1 |
| BH slice through the middle | 12% | −4.2 | −1.2 | +2.1 | −3.3±2.4 |
| BH slice crosscourt | 11% | +0.5 | +0.9 | +3.8 | +5.3±3.0 |
| BH down the line | 9% | +4.2 | +0.2 | ±0.0 | +4.4±4.5 |
Lean BH crosscourt: +6.3±2.5 per 100 returns v the current mix (368 returns charted)
2nd serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Fabio | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 45% | −3.5 | −2.6 | +0.8 | −5.3±2.6 |
| FH crosscourt | 35% | −0.2 | +0.8 | +0.6 | +1.2±4.2 |
| FH down the line | 20% | −1.8 | −0.8 | +0.9 | −1.6±4.3 |
Lean FH crosscourt: +3.5±3.1 per 100 returns v the current mix (100 returns charted)
2nd serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Fabio | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH through the middle | 54% | −2.9 | +2.0 | +0.4 | −0.4±2.0 |
| BH crosscourt | 38% | +1.0 | +1.3 | +1.7 | +4.1±2.8 |
| BH down the line | 7% | −0.2 | −1.2 | −0.4 | −1.9±4.7 |
Lean BH crosscourt: +2.9±2.1 per 100 returns v the current mix (268 returns charted)
Fabio Fognini returning
1st serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Zhizhen | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 43% | +4.3 | +1.0 | −0.6 | +4.7±2.3 |
| FH down the line | 18% | +1.7 | +4.7 | +0.6 | +7.0±4.3 |
| FH slice through the middle | 16% | −4.2 | +0.2 | −1.6 | −5.6±2.3 |
| FH crosscourt | 14% | +5.5 | −0.3 | −0.8 | +4.4±4.3 |
| FH slice down the line | 5% | −4.3 | +0.8 | −0.4 | −3.9±2.8 |
Lean FH down the line: +4.4±3.7 per 100 returns v the current mix (717 returns charted)
1st serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Zhizhen | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH through the middle | 35% | +6.4 | +0.4 | −0.4 | +6.4±2.2 |
| BH crosscourt | 22% | +8.8 | −0.2 | +0.7 | +9.3±3.3 |
| BH slice through the middle | 19% | −4.2 | +1.4 | −0.9 | −3.8±2.3 |
| BH slice crosscourt | 13% | +0.5 | −0.8 | −2.3 | −2.6±3.0 |
| BH down the line | 6% | +4.2 | −1.0 | +1.2 | +4.5±4.6 |
Lean BH crosscourt: +6.3±2.7 per 100 returns v the current mix (814 returns charted)
2nd serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Zhizhen | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 50% | −3.5 | −0.5 | −1.1 | −5.1±2.8 |
| FH down the line | 35% | −1.8 | −4.1 | −1.4 | −7.2±4.7 |
| FH crosscourt | 15% | −0.2 | −0.2 | +2.3 | +1.9±4.2 |
Lean FH crosscourt: +6.6±4.2 per 100 returns v the current mix (145 returns charted)
2nd serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Zhizhen | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH through the middle | 39% | −2.9 | −0.6 | −0.7 | −4.1±2.0 |
| BH crosscourt | 37% | +1.0 | +0.2 | −0.5 | +0.7±2.7 |
| BH down the line | 14% | −0.2 | −1.0 | +1.6 | +0.5±4.9 |
| FH through the middle | 3% | −2.9 | +0.1 | −1.1 | −3.9±2.3 |
| BH slice crosscourt | 2% | −4.0 | −2.7 | +0.1 | −6.6±1.9 |
Lean BH crosscourt: +2.5±2.0 per 100 returns v the current mix (690 returns charted)
Rally plan
Edge, in points per 100 shots: the hitter's skill with the shot (own) plus how much the receiver usually gives up against it (theirs), both measured against the tour average.
Zhizhen Zhang
Favour
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| BH to their backhand · return | +5.1±2.3 | +2.4 | +2.6 |
| BH to the middle · return | +2.0±1.6 | +1.4 | +0.7 |
| FH to their forehand · return | +1.0±3.7 | +1.1 | −0.1 |
| BH to their forehand · serve +1 | +0.7±4.6 | +0.8 | −0.2 |
| FH to the middle · return +1 | +0.4±2.6 | +0.3 | +0.2 |
| BH to the middle · rally | +0.2±1.5 | −0.3 | +0.4 |
Avoid
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| FH to their backhand · return | −5.4±3.6 | −5.7 | +0.2 |
| FH to their forehand · return +1 | −3.7±3.6 | −1.8 | −1.9 |
| BH to their backhand · serve +1 | −3.0±2.7 | −2.2 | −0.7 |
| FH to the middle · rally | −2.8±1.7 | −1.1 | −1.7 |
| BH to their forehand · rally | −2.7±3.5 | −1.7 | −1.0 |
Fabio Fognini
Favour
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| BH to their forehand · return +1 | +3.6±4.7 | +1.6 | +2.0 |
| FH to their forehand · return | +1.5±4.2 | +0.6 | +0.9 |
| FH to their backhand · return +1 | +1.5±3.7 | +0.7 | +0.8 |
| BH to their backhand · rally | +1.3±1.8 | −0.3 | +1.6 |
| BH slice to the middle · return | +1.3±2.3 | +1.5 | −0.2 |
| BH to their forehand · serve +1 | +0.7±4.3 | −2.6 | +3.4 |
Avoid
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| BH to their forehand · rally | −4.6±3.5 | −2.7 | −1.9 |
| FH to the middle · serve +1 | −2.9±2.3 | −2.7 | −0.3 |
| BH to their backhand · return +1 | −2.6±2.9 | −2.2 | −0.4 |
| FH to their forehand · return +1 | −2.6±3.4 | −2.2 | −0.4 |
| FH to their backhand · rally | −2.5±2.1 | −1.5 | −1.1 |
Against Fabio Fognini-like opponents
| Zhizhen Zhang v | Matches | Serve pts won | Return pts won |
|---|---|---|---|
| All charted opponents | – | 63.8% | 30.7% |
| Players most similar to Fabio Fognini | 1 | 60.5% | 11.9% |
Similar by tactical fingerprint: Alexander Shevchenko, Zizou Bergs, Laslo Djere, Alexandre Muller, Roman Safiullin, Matteo Arnaldi, Otto Virtanen, Kei Nishikori, Lucas Pouille, Gregoire Barrere. When two players have rarely met, their records against these lookalikes fill the gap.