Game plan
Patrick Rafter v Boris Becker
Every number combines what Patrick Rafter does well with what Boris Becker allows, each measured against the tour average and shrunk toward it when the sample is thin. Flip perspective
Forecast
Each player's serve and return strength is fitted against every opponent they were charted against, so a record built on weak opponents counts for less. At least one of them is no longer active or has too little charted in the last three seasons, so both are compared on their careers. The result is then nudged by Patrick Rafter's record against Boris Becker's tactical lookalikes and in their charted head-to-heads (lookalikes: +1.8 on serve, −1.4 on return vs expectation (2469 points); head-to-head: −8.3 on serve, +1.6 on return vs expectation (144 points)). A game-by-game Markov chain turns point odds into match odds; the 90% range covers the uncertainty in the two strengths, not the nudges. Charted matches lean toward big events, so treat this as a scouting estimate, not a betting line.
Head to head, per 100 shots
| Career | Patrick | Boris |
|---|---|---|
| Direction choice | +0.05 ±0.14 better than 70% | +0.03 ±0.05 better than 65% |
| Shot selection | +0.32 ±0.13 better than 81% | +0.33 ±0.11 better than 83% |
| Execution | −1.03 ±0.40 better than 24% | −0.37 ±0.22 better than 50% |
| Points left on the table | 4.17 ±0.28 lower than 3% | 3.75 ±0.16 lower than 5% |
Each player's career against an average tour player in the same position, adjusted for opponent strength, with a 90% margin (shots clustered by match). Points left on the table is the gap to the best-value direction for the same stroke, so lower is better. Percentiles are within each player's own tour. A side is highlighted only when the gap is larger than the margin on the difference.
Serve plan
The share of points the server wins when a first serve lands in that direction (hover a rate for its 90% interval; ± is the 90% margin). "Matchup" combines the server's rate with how this returner handles that serve. "Optimal" is the mix that wins most against this returner once they start reading a habit, at the response measured across the tour, and only within the range servers' habits actually vary. The gain over the current mix is how exploitable that mix is.
Patrick Rafter serving
Deuce court
| 1st serve | Now | Patrick wins | v Boris | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 44% | 82% | 73% | 82.1%±2.6 | 57% ▲ |
| Body | 12% | 67% | 66% | 68.7%±5.3 | 12% |
| T | 44% | 76% | 72% | 73.5%±3.3 | 31% ▼ |
Optimal v Boris Becker: +0.8±0.5 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix. Serving wide every time would read +5.4 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Ad court
| 1st serve | Now | Patrick wins | v Boris | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 48% | 71% | 70% | 68.3%±3.4 | 48% |
| Body | 17% | 67% | 61% | 64.9%±5.3 | 4% ▼ |
| T | 35% | 73% | 71% | 72.1%±3.7 | 48% ▲ |
Optimal v Boris Becker: +0.2±0.6 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix, inside the 90% margin. Serving T every time would read +3.0 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Boris Becker serving
Deuce court
| 1st serve | Now | Boris wins | v Patrick | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 41% | 78% | 73% | 78.3%±2.9 | 37% ▼ |
| Body | 9% | 70% | 69% | 75.0%±5.5 | 0% ▼ |
| T | 50% | 81% | 79% | 83.8%±2.4 | 63% ▲ |
Optimal v Patrick Rafter: +0.4±0.5 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix, inside the 90% margin. Serving T every time would read +3.1 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Ad court
| 1st serve | Now | Boris wins | v Patrick | Matchup | Optimal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wide | 49% | 78% | 74% | 79.2%±2.7 | 62% ▲ |
| Body | 12% | 71% | 66% | 73.6%±6.1 | 0% ▼ |
| T | 39% | 75% | 70% | 73.0%±3.6 | 38% ▼ |
Optimal v Patrick Rafter: +0.4±0.6 per 100 first serves (faults included) over the current mix, inside the 90% margin. Serving wide every time would read +3.1 per 100 first serves in before the returner adjusts.
Return plan
Value of each return, in points per 100 returns against an average return of the same serve (direction, court, surface): the tour's result with that return, the returner's own edge with it, and what this server gives up when it comes back to that side. Returns with no charted direction are left out, so values compare with each other rather than with zero. Depth isn't a choice here: missed returns have no depth. Serve quality isn't charted, so a block through the middle partly reflects the serve that forced it.
Patrick Rafter returning
1st serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Boris | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 38% | +4.3 | −1.3 | −1.6 | +1.3±1.7 |
| FH crosscourt | 25% | +5.5 | −1.4 | +1.5 | +5.5±2.9 |
| FH down the line | 17% | +1.7 | ±0.0 | −0.8 | +0.9±3.2 |
| FH slice through the middle | 12% | −4.2 | +3.3 | +0.1 | −0.8±2.2 |
| FH slice down the line | 4% | −4.3 | +0.4 | +0.6 | −3.2±3.2 |
Lean FH crosscourt: +3.8±2.3 per 100 returns v the current mix (938 returns charted)
1st serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Boris | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH slice crosscourt | 36% | +0.5 | +3.0 | +1.7 | +5.2±1.9 |
| BH slice through the middle | 36% | −4.2 | +0.5 | −1.9 | −5.6±1.4 |
| BH slice down the line | 13% | −8.4 | +1.7 | +5.3 | −1.3±2.7 |
| BH crosscourt | 7% | +8.8 | −1.4 | −3.6 | +3.8±2.9 |
| BH through the middle | 7% | +6.4 | −5.7 | −4.2 | −3.5±2.2 |
Lean BH slice crosscourt: +5.6±1.4 per 100 returns v the current mix (1133 returns charted)
2nd serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Boris | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 27% | −3.5 | −0.3 | −1.2 | −5.0±2.3 |
| FH slice through the middle | 20% | −12.7 | +3.6 | −0.4 | −9.4±2.3 |
| FH crosscourt | 18% | −0.2 | −2.1 | +2.1 | −0.2±3.6 |
| FH down the line | 18% | −1.8 | +0.5 | +2.0 | +0.7±3.8 |
| FH slice down the line | 12% | −9.4 | +2.8 | −0.1 | −6.8±2.7 |
Lean FH down the line: +4.9±3.3 per 100 returns v the current mix (257 returns charted)
2nd serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Boris | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH slice crosscourt | 34% | −4.0 | +2.3 | +2.1 | +0.4±1.7 |
| BH slice through the middle | 23% | −11.3 | +3.2 | +0.5 | −7.5±1.8 |
| BH through the middle | 13% | −2.9 | −1.8 | −1.8 | −6.4±1.9 |
| BH crosscourt | 11% | +1.0 | +1.9 | +1.8 | +4.7±2.5 |
| BH slice down the line | 9% | −9.3 | +1.1 | +6.1 | −2.1±3.9 |
| BH down the line | 4% | −0.2 | +5.2 | +0.9 | +5.9±4.0 |
Lean BH down the line: +7.9±4.0 per 100 returns v the current mix (778 returns charted)
Boris Becker returning
1st serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Patrick | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 42% | +4.3 | −1.3 | −3.3 | −0.3±1.6 |
| FH down the line | 34% | +1.7 | +2.1 | +2.0 | +5.8±2.7 |
| FH crosscourt | 19% | +5.5 | +2.7 | +1.4 | +9.6±3.0 |
| FH slice through the middle | 2% | −4.2 | +2.6 | −2.6 | −4.2±2.3 |
| FH slice down the line | 1% | −4.3 | −1.1 | +1.1 | −4.3±3.0 |
Lean FH crosscourt: +6.1±2.7 per 100 returns v the current mix (2642 returns charted)
1st serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Patrick | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH through the middle | 29% | +6.4 | −2.2 | −4.3 | −0.1±1.4 |
| BH slice through the middle | 20% | −4.2 | +3.0 | −2.8 | −4.0±1.6 |
| BH down the line | 18% | +4.2 | +0.1 | −2.5 | +1.8±3.1 |
| BH slice crosscourt | 15% | +0.5 | +5.9 | −2.9 | +3.5±2.2 |
| BH crosscourt | 12% | +8.8 | +1.6 | −0.5 | +9.9±2.3 |
Lean BH crosscourt: +8.8±2.2 per 100 returns v the current mix (3917 returns charted)
2nd serve to the forehand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Patrick | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FH through the middle | 36% | −3.5 | +0.8 | −3.6 | −6.2±2.3 |
| FH down the line | 32% | −1.8 | +2.2 | +3.1 | +3.6±4.0 |
| FH crosscourt | 28% | −0.2 | +2.8 | +0.6 | +3.1±3.8 |
| BH slice through the middle | 1% | −6.9 | +0.5 | +0.4 | −6.0±1.9 |
| BH inside-in | 1% | +2.5 | +2.9 | +2.7 | +8.1±2.3 |
Lean FH down the line: +4.0±3.0 per 100 returns v the current mix (747 returns charted)
2nd serve to the backhand
| Return | Now | Tour | Own | v Patrick | Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BH through the middle | 26% | −2.9 | −1.9 | −2.6 | −7.3±1.5 |
| BH slice crosscourt | 21% | −4.0 | +3.0 | −3.2 | −4.2±2.1 |
| BH crosscourt | 19% | +1.0 | +6.4 | +2.7 | +10.1±1.9 |
| BH down the line | 13% | −0.2 | −2.4 | +1.7 | −1.0±3.7 |
| BH slice through the middle | 10% | −11.3 | +3.9 | +0.4 | −7.0±2.1 |
Lean BH crosscourt: +11.9±1.8 per 100 returns v the current mix (2680 returns charted)
Rally plan
Edge, in points per 100 shots: the hitter's skill with the shot (own) plus how much the receiver usually gives up against it (theirs), both measured against the tour average on clay. Each player's clay record is shrunk toward their all-surface one, so a thin sample on it moves the numbers only a little.
Patrick Rafter
Favour
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| BH slice to their forehand · return | +9.1±4.0 | +2.7 | +6.3 |
| FH volley to their forehand · rally | +7.6±7.3 | +4.7 | +2.9 |
| BH slice to the middle · return +1 | +7.1±2.9 | +3.2 | +3.9 |
| BH slice to their backhand · return +1 | +7.1±3.2 | +2.9 | +4.2 |
| BH slice to their backhand · serve +1 | +6.6±3.1 | +4.4 | +2.2 |
| BH slice to their forehand · rally | +6.2±4.2 | +4.7 | +1.6 |
Avoid
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| BH to the middle · return | −9.7±2.6 | −7.1 | −2.6 |
| BH volley to their forehand · rally | −7.6±7.4 | −2.5 | −5.1 |
| BH to their forehand · return | −7.4±5.2 | −4.8 | −2.6 |
| FH volley to the middle · serve +1 | −5.3±5.3 | −4.4 | −0.9 |
| FH volley to the middle · rally | −4.6±6.8 | +1.8 | −6.3 |
Boris Becker
Favour
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| BH volley to their backhand · serve +1 | +6.8±5.6 | +3.6 | +3.2 |
| BH to their backhand · return +1 | +5.3±3.5 | −1.0 | +6.2 |
| Smash to their forehand · rally | +5.2±5.1 | +1.9 | +3.3 |
| FH to their backhand · return | +5.2±3.7 | +0.6 | +4.5 |
| BH slice to their forehand · rally | +4.1±3.1 | +5.8 | −1.7 |
| BH slice to their forehand · return | +2.7±4.2 | +5.4 | −2.7 |
Avoid
| Shot | Edge | Own | Theirs |
|---|---|---|---|
| FH volley to their backhand · rally | −10.8±6.3 | −7.1 | −3.7 |
| BH to their forehand · return | −6.8±4.7 | −5.1 | −1.8 |
| BH to their backhand · serve +1 | −6.8±3.6 | −2.2 | −4.6 |
| BH to the middle · return | −6.6±2.4 | −0.5 | −6.1 |
| FH to the middle · return | −6.2±2.7 | −1.5 | −4.6 |
Against Boris Becker-like opponents
| Patrick Rafter v | Matches | Serve pts won | Return pts won |
|---|---|---|---|
| All charted opponents | – | 66.3% | 33.4% |
| Players most similar to Boris Becker | 13 | 67.5% | 29.9% |
| Boris Becker (charted head-to-head) | 1 | 56.2% | 35.2% |
Similar by tactical fingerprint: Tim Henman, Mark Philippoussis, Pete Sampras, Todd Martin, Richard Krajicek, Michael Stich, Malivai Washington, Guy Forget, Brad Gilbert, John Mcenroe. When two players have rarely met, their records against these lookalikes fill the gap.